Description of school health level in Manisa sehzadeler education, research and public health center area

School-age covers the period between the ages 6-7 and 24. School Health concept includes studies made to evaluate and improve the health of students and school staff, provide and continue healthy school life and give health education to the students and thus the society. Most of the diseases, disabilities and deaths in adolescence are related to risky behaviours and the surrounding. Risky health behaviours in school-age children are tobacco, alcohol and other substance abuses, unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity, undesired accidents and violence and sexual behaviours including undesired pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. The aims of this research were to define the school health programs made to evaluate, preserve and develop the health condition in school-age children going to elementary and secondary schools in Şehzadeler district of Manisa, determine risky behaviours for health for school-age children and their determiners, determine school environment health level in scope of the research and evaluate health education programs made for students in schools. This study was divided into two sections. While the first section was formed by a sectional research for determining health behaviours and the determiners of these behaviours in school children aged 11-13-15, the second section was formed by a definitive research for determining school environment health, school health programs and health education activities in school. Data on risky health behaviour of the students were gathered under supervision with a questionnaire technique for the first section. World Health Organization/Health Behaviour in School-aged Children questionnaire form for ages 11-13-15 was used for this. A total of 6541 students in 5th and 7th grades in secondary school and 9th grade in high school among these age groups in Şehzadeler district of Manisa constituted the universe of our research. With the help of Epi info computer package program, minimum sample size to be taken when universe size of 6541, prevalence of 8.1%, confidence interval of 95% and margin error of 5% were taken as basis was calculated as 1120. Schools to be included in the research were detected by using staged - random sampling method. The universe to define the condition of school environment health, school health services and health education activities which constituted the second section was all secondary and high schools in Manisa Şehzadeler district. Sampling group was formed by the secondary and high schools where the students participated in sampling for "Risky behaviours" section in Manisa Şehzadeler district studied. The ratio of students who had daily breakfast was determined 59% in our research. 5.4% of the students were wasting, 4.2% were stunting, 22% were overweight and 7.2% were obese. The ratio of students who brushed their teeth more than once a day was 33.7% and those who didn't brush at all was 4.1%. While 23.9% of the participants were on a diet during the research, 42.4% made diet in the recent year. Those who made physical activity at least 2 hours a week were defined as having regular physical activity. According to this, the ratio of those having regular physical activity was 20.7%. The ratio of sedentaries in our research was 59.2%. 29.3% of the participants had at least one injury in the recent year. 51.5% of the students participating in the research had at least one fight in the recent year. 16.3% had at least three fights. 46.5% of the students who participated in the research evaluated their health as good, 25.1% as perfect, 23.6% as average, 3% as bad and 1.6% as very bad. 80.4% of the research group defined their life quality as high (life quality score of 6 and above). There were no factories within 100 meters of the vicinity of the schools participating in the research. There were also no amusement places in 95.7%, non-sanitary enterprises in 82.6% and highways in 26.1% of those schools. The playground per student was unsatisfactory in 65% of the schools. While there was traffic risk at the school exit in 73.9%, there were no crosswalks at the school exit in 47.8%. City water was drunk in all participating schools. Drinking water analysis was made in 52.2. Number of taps was unsatisfactory in 59.1%. In all the schools covered, the toilets were inside the building and 95.7% were connected to the sewer system. While the number of female toilets was unsatisfactory in 60.9%, the ratio was 30.4% in males. Number of urinars was unsatisfactory in 95.7% of the male toilets. General hygiene was unsatisfactory in 39.1% of school toilets. While the number of students was inappropriate in 43.5% of the schools, the air volume per student was unsatisfactory in 43.5% and the area per student was unsatisfactory in 65.2%. The distance between the board and the front row was inappropriate in 87% of the schools. The boards were white in 73.9%, black and smart in 13% each. There was no protection in the upper floor windows in 72.7%. Heating was provided by central heating in all schools. Laboratory was present in 73.9%. Floor material was tile in 47.1% of the laboratories. Desks were wooden in 76.5%. There were gas detectors in 23.5% of the laboratories, toxic materials were under lock in 82.4% and all of these materials were labelled. There was a canteen in most of the participating schools (95.7%) and the general hygiene of the canteens was unsatisfactory in 36.4%. The trash bin was inside the school garden in 60.9% and 17.4% were inside the playground. While fire extinguisher devices were available in all of the schools, there were fire extinguishing equipments in 65.2%. While there was a fire alarm in 73.9%, fire/earthquake practice was made in all schools and fire/earthquake education was given in 91.3%. Fire escapes were present in 56.5%. While medicine cabinets were present in all schools, the materials inside were satisfactory in 60.9%. While there were medical rooms in 21.7% of the schools participating in the research, no doctors were in charge in any of the schools. There were nurses in charge in 13% of the schools. Health education was provided in 43.5% of the schools participating in the research. Generally the branch teacher gave health education (95%) and family/PHC doctors came after. According to all school managers, health education should be given by health staff. According to the research result, while lower socio-economical level, wasting, stunting, irregular dental care, fighting and low quality of life constitute risk factors, higher socio-economic level constitutes risk factors for fatness, sedentar life and irregular nutrition. Key Words: HBSC, School Health, Risky Health Behaviours, School Environmental Health