Investi̇gati̇on of graduate theses on algori̇thms i̇n mathemati̇cs educati̇on: A research synthesi̇s study

21st century skills have become competencies that every individual should have. Especially in recent years, the increase in the use of technological tools has heightened the importance of these skills. These skills include creating algorithms and algorithmic thinking. Algorithmic thinking is a process that supports the development of skills such as making logical inferences, critical thinking, and problem solving. Gaining these skills from the preschool period will strengthen the cognitive development of individuals at an early age. The aim of this study is to analyse in detail the role of algorithmic concepts and algorithmic thinking skills in education and to determine how these skills can be integrated into education programmes in order to increase students' academic and mathematical success. In the study, the data obtained from graduate theses on algorithms and algorithmic thinking skills in mathematics education were organised and synthesised, and a thematic framework was created in this field. The method of the study is based on the research synthesis model, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The research data were obtained by searches made with the keywords "algorithm", "mathematics education" and "algorithmic thinking" in the thesis database of the Council of Higher Education (YÖK). A total of 75 graduate theses were examined. The examined graduate theses were analysed under the categories of years, methods, sample groups, objectives and results and evaluated using the thematic content analysis method. From the findings obtained, it can be said that methods such as coding, robotics and gamification are effective in developing algorithmic thinking and computational thinking skills. These methods can be said to strengthen students' problem-solving, creativity, and cooperative learning skills. In addition, pre-service teachers showed improvement in these skills, but some students had difficulties in mathematical activities. According to the findings obtained from the studies, it can be said that technology-supported education plays an important role in the development of cognitive skills. As a result, it can be said that the concept of algorithm should be integrated into educational curricula and the development of algorithmic thinking skills can be effective in increasing the academic success and mathematical competencies of individuals.