The effects of breast cancer conditioned medium on the genes of adhesion molecules and immune check points in endothelial cells

Breast cancer is a type of cancer commonly originating from the cells that make up the milk ducts or the lobules supplying milk to the ducts. Many factors in the tumor microenvironment gain importance during cancer development. These factors include cellular factors such as endothelial cells and immune cells, and structural factors such as integrins and extracellular matrix elements. The fact that some factors synthesized from endothelial cells are effective in both immune cell modulations and the metastasis of tumor cells make these factors important in cancer. This study examined whether there were changes in the expression levels of immune control molecules and adhesion molecules in endothelial cells incubated in breast cancer conditioned medium. For this purpose, conditioned medium obtained from normal breast cell line CRL-4010, breast cancer cell lines CRL-2329 and MDA-MB-231 were applied to HUVECs. The effects of cell proliferation, cell migration, and adhesion and immune checkpoint genes on changes in expression levels in endothelial cells were investigated. In the cell proliferation experiment, CRL-2329 was found to increase in the experimental group compared to the control after 48 hours. In the cell migration experiment, it was observed that the HUVEC group in breast cancer conditioned medium closed faster and was found to be significant. This study, adhesion molecules; ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, E-selectin, VE-cadherin, E-cadherin and immune checkpoints genes; Expression levels of PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, IDO-2, VISTA, LAG3, CTLA-4 genes were analyzed by Real Time PCR method. When the changes in gene expression levels were examined, the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, E-selectin, VE-cadherin showed significant changes. In immune checkpoint genes, PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, VISTA, LAG3 showed significant changes compared to control. We can state that the data we obtained provides support for the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. Therefore, our results will contribute to the literature.