Significance of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, E2F1, Rb and p27 gene expressions in the prognosis of bladder carsinoma

Significance of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, E2F1, Rb and p27 gene expressions in the prognosis of bladder carsinoma. Thesis of expertise in Medicine, Bolu 2014. Bladder carcinoma is the common type of cancer in the world, which has the highest cost per patient because of the recurrent controls and treatments. Advanced stage tumours are more aggressive. Present data emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in urothelial carcinoma. There are strong evidences about various anomalies in genes assigned in cell cycle and these anomalies has relationship with prognostic factors such as grade and stage. The combined use of markers on cell cycle are shown more useful in the detection of prognosis and regulation of individual treatment regimes of patients. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the gene expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, Rb, E2F1 and p27 which have important roles in cell cycle and prognostic factors such as grade, stage, proliferative index, recurrence, progression and lymph node metastasis. We analyses 86 cases, including 22 cystectomy and 64 transurethral resection material, which was diagnosed with the urothelial carcinoma between the years of 2004-2013 by the Department of Pathology Abant İzzet Baysal University Medical Faculty. Rotine histologial paraffin sctions were obtained and stained with cyclin D1, cyclin E1, Rb, E2F1, p27 and ki-67 as H&E and immunohistochemically. As a conclusion, decreased cyclin D1 and Rb expression and increased E2F1 expression in the high-grade tumors was observed. Similarly, tumors observed muscle invasion expressed decreased cyclin D1. E2F1 is significantly associated with grade, recurrence and Ki-67 proliferative index. The results obtained demonstrate that high E2F1 expression is an important marker for predicting recurrence and poor prognosis. When considered association of Rb and E2F1 in the cell cycle, they will be more significiant and predictive prognostic marker as they combined together.