Evaluation of eating awareness and diet quality in women with and without metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the coexistence of different risk factors that are effective in the formation of cardiovascular diseases and are thought to have the same etiopathogenesis. Obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, diabetes, atherogenic dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction are among the components of metabolic syndrome. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of eating awareness on metabolic syndrome in women with and without metabolic syndrome, and to determine the relationship between eating awareness, depression status and diet quality. Study was conducted with 176 female volunteers (88 MetS cases, 88 non-MetS) aged 18-50 years, who were referred to the diet polyclinic of the Sincan Healthy Life Center by doctor. A questionnaire including general information, nutritional habits, 3-day food consumption records, mindful eating scale, CES-depression scale, anthropometric measurements and biochemical findings was applied to the individuals. The questionnaire was conducted by face-to-face interviews with the individuals. The diet quality of individuals was evaluated with the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). At the end of the study, individuals with MetS had higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio, neck circumference and body fat mass than individuals without Mets. Individuals with MetS have higher fasting glucose, triglyceride and LDL values, and lower HDL values than individuals without MetS. The body weight, BMI, and body fat mass of individuals with MetS and mindful eating are lower than individuals with MetS without mindful eating. Individuals with MetS have higher CES depression scores than individuals without MetS. BMI and body fat mass are higher in individuals with MetS and severe depression than individuals with MetS without depression. Energy and saturated fat intake in individuals with MetS and mindful eating is lower than individuals with MetS and without mindul eating. In individuals without MetS, 21,7% of those without depression, 54,5% of those with mild depression, 62,5% of those with moderate depression and 26,7% of those with severe depression had poor diet quality. The importance of medical nutrition therapy in individuals with MetS has been demonstrated once again. In addition, it has been shown that psychological therapy can be included in individuals with depression along with medical nutrition therapy. It has been considered that individuals with MetS can better manage their body weight by raising their mindful eating. In conclusion, it has been confirmed how important body weight management, mindful eating, diet quality and depression status are in the control of metabolic syndrome and its components.