Social exclusion in seasonal workers: Example of Adıyaman city

The social problem phenomenon has put a lot of pressure on social life since the beginning of human history. The social exclusion situation, which arises with social problems, necessitates that this concept should be emphasized. In general, the concept of social exclusion is used as the opposite of social integration, which means being a part of society and adapting to society. Social exclusion prevents participation in social life but it also raises the reason why individuals are pushed out of the usual production methods by the society. The inability to adapt to social life and not taking part in existing production processes include factors that prevent society from living in peace and undermine the culture of coexistence. Social exclusion is a situation that seasonal agricultural workers face in their daily lives, like many segments in the society. Temporary or seasonal agricultural workers are the labor force groups employed during periods of intense agricultural activities. Some cities in Çukurova, Aegean, Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Southeastern and Eastern Anatolia have been demanding a considerable number of seasonal labor force especially in planting and harvest times. "Social exclusion", which has become one of the important concepts of sociology and which is likely to occur in every period and area of life, constitutes the basic framework of this study. The general purpose of this study is to identify and define the social exclusion status of seasonal workers and the factors affecting them in the Adiyaman sample and to determine the direction and degree of the relationship between the demographic / social factors of the seasonal workers and social exclusion. The data required for testing the hypotheses established in the study were collected through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of two parts: the social exclusion scale and the social / demographic criteria for seasonal workers. The population of research consists of seasonal agriculture workers living in Adiyaman. The sample of research involves 548 seasonal agriculture workers aged 18-65 years. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 package programs were used during the analysis of the data. In this framework, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were applied to the data set. Then, Independent t Test, One Way Anova Test were used to test the hypotheses established to determine whether there is a significant difference between the Social / Demographic Variables and Social Exclusion Scale sub-dimensions. Frequency analyzes (percentage, mean, standard deviation, etc.) were also performed for sampling. As a result of the analyzes, statistically significant differences were determined in some sub-dimensions of Social Exclusion Scale in terms of spatial and mother tongue context, and the results were interpreted statistically and correlated with social work literature and practices. Keywords: Seasonal Agricultural Work, Social Exclusion, Unemployment, Poverty, Social Work