Investigation of the relationship between the severity of cutaneous allodynia with the severity of kinesiophobia and gastrointestinal system symptom in individuals with migraine

This study aimed to examine the relationship between cutaneous allodynia (CA) severity, kinesiophobia, and gastrointestinal system (GIS) symptom severity and to investigate risk factors in individuals diagnosed with migraines. The pain characteristics and clinical parameters of 144 individuals diagnosed with migraine included in the study were questioned. Migraine-related disability, CA, kinesiophobia, GIS symptoms and physical activity levels were evaluated with Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS), Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC), Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-7), respectively. It was seen that there was no correlation between the severity of CA and the severity of pain (r=0.111; p=0.184), the number of attacks (r=0.129; p=0.123), the duration of attacks (r=-0.044; p=0.602), and it was weakly associated with disability (r=0.178; P<0.05). Kinesiophobia was associated with CA (p<0.001). Additionally; CA severity were associated with GSRS-total score (r=0.336; p<0.001), abdominal pain (r=0.323; p<0.001), indigestion (r=0.257; p<0.05), and constipation (r=0.371; p<0.001). However, there was no relationship between the severity of CA and reflux (r=0.149; p=0.075), diarrhea (r= 0.072; p=0.391). There was no correlation between the severity of CA and the level of physical activity (r=0.127; p=0.128). Frequency of attacks (p=0.015), duration of attacks (p=0.035) and presence of CA (p<0.001) were found to be risk factors for kinesiophobia. Kinesiophobia was five times higher in those with CA than in those without CA. Frequency of attacks (p=0.027) and presence of CA (p=0.004) were found to be risk factors for GIS symptoms. Consequently, there was a relationship between CA and kinesiophobia and GIS symptoms in individuals with migraines. Additionally, CA was found to be a risk factor for kinesiophobia and GIS symptoms. CA should be investigated in individuals with migraine in clinics, and those with CA should be evaluated in terms of kinesiophobia and GIS symptoms.