Investigation of the biological activities of the new generation functional amido-phosphinite derivative ruthenium, iridium and rhodium complexes synthesized by microwave method

Oxidative stress, which occurs as a result of antioxidant insufficiency, occurs when free radicals break down into certain intracellular molecules, leading to damage and cancer. Today, their properties, both powerful antioxidants and DNA-binding properties, have been developed and expanded, making them particularly important for cancer prevention. Platinum-based drugs used in chemotherapy exhibit high systemic toxicity and resistance issues. This has necessitated the search for alternatives, and the properties of transition metals have attracted attention. Transition metal-centered complexes represent an interesting area of research due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, as well as their ability to bind to DNA. The electrostatic interaction between the positive charge of transition metals and the negative charge of nucleic acids, phospholipids, and proteins facilitates metal binding. By arranging ligands and metal centers, compounds can be endowed with desired properties, and the chemical and biological activities of metal complexes can be tailored to their intended target. The binding of transition metals to DNA inhibits transcription and replication, leading to structural and conformational changes in DNA. In the antioxidant activity determinations performed within the scope of this thesis, Ru-Benzene showed the highest radical scavenging (74,53 ± 1,76%) and metal chelating activity (63,91 ± 1,54%) at a concentration of 200 mg/L, while Ru-Paracymene showed the highest reducing power activity (0,412 ± 0,017). In the antibacterial activity determinations, Ru-Benzene and Ru-Paracymene complexes showed weak activity against Enterococcus hirae (8 and 11 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (10 and 11 mm), while Ir and Rh amido-phosphinite complexes were found to have no antibacterial activity. According to the results of DNA processing using calf thymus DNA, it was determined that all four complexes have different DNA binding activities. It was demonstrated that Ru-Paracymene, Ru-Benzene, Ir and Rh amido-phosphinite complexes can be used as therapeutic agents.