Cultural factors in architectural manner: Reflections of the cultural changes to the school buildings in Turkey

This article puts the reflections of the cultural changes to the education buildings taking it's starting point on the notion "culture" which has an often usage in daily life and connection between culture and architecture. Primarily, the notion "culture" is searched under its definitions, properties, samples, classifications and boundaries, with the reflections of these results to architecture. Searching them with their ways of studies has constituted the relation between culture and architecture. It is found that in its most common overview, these studies are observed in two main groups. The first group maintains the researches of cultural differences where it is compared how the same needs result in space within different societies. The second group maintains' the researches of cultural variations reflecting to architecture. Due to varying socio-cultural factors the architectural demands of the public changes. The education buildings are examined for this group and with the help of these dominant cultural effected buildings it is put forward how the varying needs of public is determined. The reason of different designs, under the varying socio-cultural factors from 1923 to today, is searched with the examples of the government type schools and private schools. The inquiry took its place in the new government schools and old government schools with new additions while the same consideration was taking place in the private schools. The changes and constants in the design program and their effects to the space construction are searched. While drawing a conclusion the leading consideration is that whether they have been shaped by the dominant cultural effects or by the social effects all architectural products have been made by human and with a mutual interaction while human beings shape the buildings at the same time buildings shape human beings too. Architects should prepare their designs that will influence the social personality with the awareness of variation and differentiation in culture.Keywords: Cultural change with diversity, school buildings.