Egypt's Nile policy

As a country located in the lower basin of the Nile Basin, Egypt has benefited more from the waters of the Nile River, with which it has been identified since ancient times, compared to other basin countries. This situation is exceptional compared to other river basins on a global scale. The agreements of 1929 and 1959 created a status quo by giving Egypt an advantage in using Nile water. The strategic importance of the Nile has shaped the domestic and foreign policy decisions and actions regarding the Nile Basin of Egypt, which has developed various strategies and methods in every period to maintain this status quo. In this context, the aim of the study is to reveal how important the Nile River is in Egypt's domestic and foreign policy, in the context of the historical process and the discourses, practices and approaches of the heads of state of the republican period. Drawing on Turkish, French, English and Arabic sources, qualitative research methods such as historical narration and Literature review were used in the study. After the transformation of the state form from monarchy to republic, it focused on the period between Gamal Abdel Nasser and Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, and focused on Egypt's relations and disagreements with the countries in the Nile Basin, taking into account the visions and priorities of the heads of state. The findings of the study found that as basin countries such as Ethiopia, which began to see the Nile River as an important element of their economic development, began to challenge Egypt's privileged position, Egypt tried to ignore issues such as the legitimate rights of riparian countries determined by international agreements and maintained the status quo in the Nile Basin. It has shown that it continues to see any attempt to change the situation as a threat to its national security, and that it can at least agree to a negotiation process that suits its own interests