Economic, social and environmental sustainability of agricultural enterprises producing corn according to enterprise types: the case of Konya province

The aim of this study was to determine the level of sustainability of maize producing farms and the factors affecting the sustainability through the socio-economic analysis according to the farm accounting data network system in Konya province. For this purpose, the basic data of the research were obtained from 105 agricultural enterprises selected by stratified random sampling method from agricultural enterprises producing maize in 6 districts where maize production is widespread in the province. According to the results of the research, it was found that 72.38% of the surveyed agricultural enterprises were in specialized crop farming, 7.62% were in specialized livestock farming, and 20.00% were in mixed crop and livestock farming. As an average of the types of farms, 27.76% of the farms were small, 39.05% were medium and 36.19% were large. The population per farm is 4.02 people and the amount of land is 168.09 decares. 81.69% of the land is owned, 15.14% is leased and 3.19% is common land. When the standard results are analyzed as an average of all types of enterprises, the total output value is 1,603,865.15 TL, 59.34% of this output is total input cost and 40.66% is net income of the business family. 53.61% of the total output consists of gross operating profit and 45.30% consists of net added value of the enterprise. The total assets of the enterprises were determined as 10,464,528.52 TL upon the declaration of the enterprise managers, and 2.59% of these assets were current assets and 97.41% were fixed assets.. It was found that 18.74% of the total debts were short term debts and 81.26% were medium and long term debts. In the average of the company types, the total output per decare is 9,541.70 TL and the total input cost per decare is 5,662.13 TL. The total output per unit of active capital is 0.15 TL and the total input cost per unit of active capital is 0.09 TL. The sustainability index of the analyzed companies was determined as 67.56% in the economic dimension, 66.59% in the environmental dimension and 76.05% in the social dimension. The general agricultural sustainability index was determined to be 70.07%. The factors influencing the agricultural sustainability in the analyzed farms were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that among the 5 variables analyzed, 3 variables were statistically significant on the sustainability of the farms. These variables are land assets, number of household population and total value of production. According to the results of the analysis, the other two variables in the model were not statistically significant on business sustainability. These variables are manager education level and capital turnover rate. The study resulted in the development of recommendations that will contribute to the economic, environmental, social, and overall sustainability of corn-growing businesses. Keywords: Agricultural Enterprise, Farm Accounting Data Network System (FADN), Standard Results, Agricultural Sustainability, Sustainability Indicators