Bioarcheological detection and socio-cultural approach of anemia in MTR (Sinop-Kefevi) population

Anthropology, in general, evaluates people in many aspects. The skeletal structure, which is the strongest structure of the body that keeps the human alive, contains a lot of information about how the life he lived during the period he lived. As it is known, since the bones have been preserved until today, this provides us with important information about the societies that lived in the past. The palaeopathological examination of the skeletons uncovered can reveal the health structures of the societies in the period, whether they were exposed to different diseases, as well as whether there was an epidemic disease and possible causes of death of individuals. Researches show us the way to get an idea about the period. One of the diseases reflected on the bone is anemia. This disease, which shows its presence on the bone as an indicator of anemia, is revealed by three different methods; Cribra Orbitalia appears as small holes in the roof of the eye, and the presence of anemia can be determined based on Protic Hyperostosis formed in the skull and Diploe Thickening in the skull. In this study, it consists of skeletons unearthed from the Kefevi necropolis neighborhood of Sinop, located in the North of Anatolian geography. As a result of the excavations carried out in the city center of Sinop in 2016, 108 individuals, including 30 female individuals, 41 male individuals, 25 children, 6 adolescents and 6 infants, were examined. Different palepathological diseases were examined on these skeletons. In these studies, Cribra Orbitalia, Protic Hyperostosis and Diploe Thickenings on the skull were examined for the detection of anemia, which is the subject of the thesis. As a result of the results, comparisons were made with the rates of these diseases in Anatolian societies. As a result of these studies, Cribra Orbitalia and Diploe Thickening was calculated as 27.80% (30/108), while Protic Hyperostosis was calculated as 50.92% (55/108) in the Byzantine Period Kefevi Necropolis individuals. The socio-cultural structure of the Sinop Kefevi ancient society and its nutritional patterns were revealed.