Divine adjectives comprehension in the theology of the Muta'ahhirûn period: The outlook of Sa'ad al-dīn al-Taftāzānī and al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī

The effort of human, who lives his life in the physical world, to illuminate the dimness in the obscurity of the metaphysical world with the light he receives from the phenomenal field, has reached a final level with religion, which has gained a place for itself in a linear acceleration with the history of humanity. However, human, who knows but does not understand the external and internal meanings, could not escape from describing the God, who is not like His creations, as an anthropomorphic God after all. The unseen interpretations of human, who knowledge skills and knowledge are limited, have created different definitions, even though they have a unity of purpose, and have taken a place as an adjective problem in the history of Islamic thought. Although this problem, which emerged in the 2nd century Hijri, was considered as a debate that developed in the concaves of the Islamic world, Muslims, who were in interaction with systematic and powerful theologies such as Iranian-origin Manichaeism, Magusism, Indian-origin Sumeniyye, Greek Philosophy, Christianity and Judaism since the Umayyad period, created a natural reaction against these theologies. In the historical process, destiny in the context of eternal knowledge, the createdness of the Qur'an in the context of divine word, and the discussion of news in the context of God defined with human attributes have given birth to the title of Divine Adjectives in the art of kalâm. Sa'ad al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī and al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī, who left their mark on the 14th century after the extensive scientific and intellectual destruction of the Mongol invasion, became the unforgettable faces of Müteahhirîn, a period of philosophical kalâm. Scholars, who have offered opinions that should be emphasized in every field, are content with commentary and gloss without saying a new word after them in the context of divine adjectives; it has opened the door to the claim that they had the last word on this issue. The aforementioned scholars' conceptions of the Creator and the world He created still remain in need of understanding.