Obtaining additived carbon material from banana peel and supercapacitor applications

One of the most important problems of energy storage systems is the storage of electrical energy in high quantities and at low costs. One of the energy storage applications that has attracted more attention recently is supercapacitors. In this study, the synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties as electrode materials of activated and non-activated active carbons produced from biomass sourced banana peel (I-IV), which are pure (I), activated with NaCl (II), activated with Na2SO4 (III), and activated with thiourea (IV), were investigated. This thesis consists of three stages. In the first stage, the production of activated and non-activated active carbons prepared via applying heat treatment at 800 oC to the banana peel and/or banana peel and activator mixtures. In the second stage, the characterization of the synthesized active carbons was carried out by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis, Surface Area Measurement Analysis (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, BET), Energy Dispersion Beam Spectrometer (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy analyzes. In the third stage, the electrochemical performances of activated and non-activated active carbons prepared from banana peel used as electrode material were analyzed by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. As a result of the spectrochemical structural analysis, it was seen that the BET surface area of the activated carbon compound (I) produced from pure banana peel was the lowest with 6 m2 g-1, while the BET surface area of the activated carbon compound produced from the banana peel via Na2SO4 activation was 1071 m2 g-1. In the electrochemical analyzes carried out with 6 M of KOH electrolyte using the CR2032 button-type battery chamber, and the highest capacitance value of activated carbon produced from pure banana peel was obtained with 68.2 F g-1 at a current density of 0,2 A g-1 and 58,7 F g-1 at a scanning speed of 5 mV s-1, It has been determined that it has a capacity retention rate of 74% at the end of the 10000 charge-discharge cycle.