Musical hearing, reading and writing scale development of self-efficacy and music teacher candidates' self- efficacy in terms of the analysis of levels of some variables

In this research, music teacher candidates were examined in term of gender, level of musical hearing, reading and writing self-efficacy and class-level variables. For this purpose, at first the Musical Hearing, Reading and Writing Self-Efficacy Scale were improved then studied the validity and reliability. Population of this study were consisted of 3rd and 4th grade students who are the students in the Department of Music Education in the Faculty of Education of universities in Turkey. The sample of the study have been consisted of students from İnönü, Cumhuriyet, Harran, 19 Mayıs, Atatürk, Karadeniz Teknik, Gazi Osman Paşa, Yüzüncü Yıl, Erzincan who are continuing their education, 212 of them are females and 155 of them are males totally 367. The ages of the participant students were between 19 and 34, and the average age of the participants was 23.4 (SD=2:32) 181 of the students are 3rd grade and 186 of them are 4th grade. At the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics and exploratory analysis was used. Within the context of reliability, the internal consistency coefficients, test and Guttman split-half reliability coefficients and reliability coefficients were calculated. T test was used to determine differences between the groups in terms of gender and grade level as independent samples. For analysis of research data SPSS 17.0 program was used. The level of significance in analysis was taken as 0.5. At the development phase of scale, for the content validity of the scale five experts were interviewed separately. For the validity of the scale study, exploratory factor analysis was used. Within the context of the validity, in a done exploratory factor analysis, two dimensional structure was obtained for 50-item scale. Result of the factor analysis: For each factor of the substances contained, it was found to have a high degree of load values. In the reliability studies of Musical Hearing, Reading and Writing Self-Efficacy Scale developed in this study Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients for sub-dimensions are determined as between a=.88 and a=.97 and the whole scale is determined as a=.96. With Scale's split-half reliability coefficient and The Guttman reliability coefficient values were also found higher. It was determined that there wasn't any significant differences between music teacher candidates' musical listening, reading and writing levels of self-efficacy gender and in terms of grade level. Discussion and interpretation of research findings were done. In this respect, recommendations are done for future practice and research.