Nano malzeme ve nano polimerlerin kil zeminler üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi

This thesis consists of investigations into the effects of different Nano-Materials and Nano-based polymers on high plasticity clay, which had been obtained from Ciftalan district in the north of Istanbul. In this thesis engineering properties of clay tried to be improved. To evaluate the strength characteristics of stabilized clayey soil, laboratory investigation tests had been performed at the Istanbul Technical University's Prof. Dr. Hamdi Peynircioğlu Soil Mechanics Laboratory. First of all, the soils which had been obtained from the field were classified after using hydrometer analysis and Atterberg limits. Then, Atterberg limit tests had done on the clayey soil mixed with Nano-Material and Nano-Material based Polymers as alternative materials with four different percentages. Afterward, optimum water content and the maximum dry unit weight of blended soil were determined by using modified Harvard miniature compaction apparatus. Then, samples, which were obtained from the compaction equipment, kept in a desiccator for one, seven, and twenty-eight days for curing. Unconfined compression tests had performed on these samples. Finally, the samples, which had better results in an unconfined comparison test, with a specific percentage of Nano-Material, were prepared with respect to each mixture's optimum water content and tested. Soaked CBR, Consolidation, Permeability, and Triaxial Shear tests were conducted on these samples. Moreover, during conducting tests interesting behavior of mixed soils were observed after drying, especially, the ones which had mixed with Zycosil and Nano-Silica Powder. Therefore, "Direct Shear Tests" were done only on these mixtures with the condition that the sample is still compacted and wet, and the other condition that the compacted sample dried and submerged in the water again. The study examined the effect of different Nano-Materials like Nano-Carbon fibers, Nano-Clay, Nano-Silica Powder, and Nano-Polymers like CBR Plus, and Zycosil in four and six different percentage to improve the Atterberg limit parameters, shear strength and effective strength, consolidation, permeability, and soaked CBR. The results showed that Nano-Materials and Nano-Polymers increased the strength of Clay in different amounts and decreased the amount of swelling pressure and consolidation. The California Bearing Ratio of the soil increased with increasing the percentage of Nano-Materials, especially Nano-Polymers. Results obtained form consolidated undrained triaxial test showed that Nano-Materials and Polymers could not change the internal friction angle, significantly. However, except Zycosil, other additives highly increased the cohesion. At the end, after applying direct shear test on dried and wet clay, it revealed that behavior of soil could change after getting dried and put in the water again. This process increases the cohesion of the clay and does not change the internal friction angle considerably. Though, results shows that additive-mixed clay are more sensitive and can demonstrate uneven performance that is more extensive in both cohesion and internal friction angle aspects.