Determination of energy use efficiency and economic analysis in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) production

In this study, it was aimed to determine the energy use and greenhouse gas emission in Zivzik pomegranate production in Siirt province. The main material of the study was the data obtained from 186 pomegranate producers in Siirt province and its districts by survey method. In order to calculate energy equivalents, the amounts of the inputs used in pomegranate production were found and these input data were multiplied by the energy equivalent coefficients. The total pomegranate orchard area in the research area was calculated as 98.80 ha and the average pomegranate production area was calculated as 0.53 ha. The total number of trees was 62,889 and the average number of trees per hectare was 635. The total production amount was determined as 3,445.50 tons, the average pomegranate yield was 34,856.37 kg/ha and average yield per tree was 55.25 kg. Total energy input in pomegranate production was found as 53,831.72 MJ/ha and energy output was found as 66,227.11 MJ/ ha. In pomegranate production, energy use efficiency was 1.23, energy productivity was 0.65 kg/MJ, specific energy was 1.54 MJ/kg and net energy was 12,395.39 MJ/ha. The shares of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energy sources were found as 30.79%, 69.21%, 12.57% and 87.43%, respectively. Total greenhouse gas emission was determined as 4,504.21 kg CO2-eq ha-1 and greenhouse gas emission rate was determined as 0.129 kg CO2-eq/kg. Gross production value was found as 278.850,96 TL/ha, variable costs were found as 73.245,88 TL/ ha and gross profit was found as 205.605,08 TL/ha. It was concluded that fertilizer input had the highest share in pomegranate inputs energy equivalents, greenhouse gas emissions and variable costs. Since the energy use efficiency is higher than 1, it is possible to say that the inputs are used efficiently, but this ratio can be increased by using more efficient inputs.