Radiological anatomy of the anesthetic area of maxillary nerve and it's branches

Anesthesia of nervus maxillaris and it's branches can be used clinically for many purposes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the courses of the maxillary nerve and it's branches of nasopalatine nerve, infraorbital nerve, lesser palatine nerve and greater palatine nerve on bone structures and morphometric properties of these bone structures. For this purpose, cone-beam computed tomography images of 150 healthy individuals were evaluated retrospectively. Incisive canal, incisive foramen, nasopalatine foramen, infraorbital canal, infraorbital groove, infraorbital foramen, pterygopalatine fossa, greater palatine canal, lesser palatine canal, greater palatine foramen, lesser palatine foramen were examined in detail on these images. The data were evaluated according to gender and age. In the sagittal plane, diameter of nasopalatine foramen 4.13±1.08 mm, diameter of incisive foramen 6.47±1.41 mm, length of incisive canal 12.56±2.53 mm and angle of incisive canal 74.28±7.72º were obtained. Infraorbital foramen was found to be 7.43±1.41 mm below infraorbital margin, 23.48±2.33 mm lateral to the median line and 9.73±2.16 mm below the skin. Greater palatine foramen was most commonly found to be in the row of the third maxillary molar tooth (66%), 19.46±2.19 mm above the occlusal plane, and 14.98±1.45 mm lateral to the middle plane. The distance between greater palatine foramen and pterygoid canal was determined as 28.20±3.36 mm and the distance between pterygoid canal and infraorbital fissure was determined as 9.00±2.62 mm. The findings are thought to contribute especially to guidance maxillofacial surgery and will contribute to the literature.