A new shortest path algorithm for management urban traffic

Nowadays, traffic jam is an interminable obstacle for the transportation growth in urban cities around the world. One of the major causes of traffic jam is raising of vehicles number due increment population, mainly in areas with bottlenecks and it also causes for society and economic losses, increase in greenhouse emissions and health damages. Furthermore, it targets communities in the most critical element of life which is the human element. Therefore, it has become essential to work to find solutions, projects and put them into practice to address the causes and mitigate the negative effects. This thesis focuses on improved Dijkstra algorithm based on traffic congestion level. Improved Dijkstra algorithm can provide (a) real data collection from map via OpenStreetMap (b) Adding four features to SUMO simulator software (time period, rush-hour, number of vehicles, and routing algorithm) (c) it has the ability to know congestion level for roads (d) rerouting vehicles to avoided traffic congestion. Based on the simulation results and analysis presented in the thesis, it was found that the proposed improved Dijkstra algorithm increased the performance of the road traffic flow by reducing the number of related vehicles in traffic congestion and average delay time for experiments scenarios. The improved Dijkstra algorithm has decreased related vehicles and delay time by approximately 23%. On the other hand, the improved Dijkstra reduce average fuel consumption and amount of CO2 emission by approximately 15% and 14% respectively. The future works is to examine the performance of improved Dijkstra algorithm on the real road traffic environment and to employ (VANTE) technology in vehicle route guidance systems, which will play a vital role in alleviate traffic congestion by exchanging traffic information between vehicle to vehicle and the vehicle to infrastructure. The contributions and findings of this thesis may support urban planners, mobile operators, transport planners, civil engineers, and traffic congestion management researchers and in addition reduce environmental pollution.