The effect of solution-focused approach training given to nulliparous pregnant women on traumatic birth perception, vaginal birth self-efficacy and birth type preference

This study aimed to investigate the impact of solution-focused approach (SFBT) training provided to nulliparous pregnant women on their perception of birth trauma, vaginal birth self-efficacy, and preference for mode of delivery. The research was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study with pregnant women at gestational weeks 28-32 who attended the Karadeniz Technical University Farabi Hospital Pregnancy Outpatient Clinic between April 23 and December 31, 2023. The sample size of the study, determined according to power analysis, consisted of a total of 80 pregnant women, 40 in the experimental and control groups. Pregnant women in the experimental group were given SFBT training by the researcher, once a week, a total of 4 times. Meanwhile, the control group received standard care. Data were collected using forms covering demographic information, traumatic birth perception (TCPS), and vaginal birth self-efficacy (SEVB). Data were analyzed with percentage, mean, median, minimum and maximum values, as well as Student t, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Two-Way Robust ANOVA and Variance tests. TCPS total score average was found to be lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.001). Postnatal TCPS total score average was found to be lower in the experimental group than in the control group. (p<0.001). In the experimental group, the mean score of the SEVB after the SFBT training was found to be higher than before the training (p<0.001). The rate of pregnant women giving birth via vaginal delivery was found to be higher in the experimental group, but in the comparison between the groups, it was determined that the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In summary, the solution-oriented approach training provided to pregnant women demonstrated a positive impact on reducing the perception of traumatic birth and enhancing vaginal birth self-efficacy. However, there was no statistically significant effect observed on the actual mode of delivery. It is recommended that solution-oriented approach training in the field of birth be disseminated and more comparative studies be conducted on this subject.