Evaluation of oxidative stress levels in relationship between osas and periodontal disease

This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the possible relationship between chronic periodontitis (CP) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using both saliva and serum oxidative stress parameters, TAS (total antioxidant status), TOS (total oxidant status) and OSI (oxidative stress index). 128 patients (90 male and 38 female) aged between 22-67 were included in the study and polysomnography was used to evaluate OSAS. Including 16 patients in each group; the study has 8 groups totally consisting of 2 control groups with simple snoring and 6 working groups with OSAS patients. Control groups consisted of systemic and periodontally healthy subjects and CP subjects with healthy systemic conditions. The working groups consisted of periodontally healthy and CP subjects of mild, moderate and severe OSAS patients. After serum and saliva samples obtained from every subject, clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. TAS, TOS and OSI levels of saliva and serum were measured biochemically. As a result, it was observed between the groups while serum TAS levels were decreasing, serum TOS and OSI values were increasing significantly with increased AHI levels showing OSAS severity. There was no significant difference between healthy and CP groups for serum TAS, TOS and OSI levels in terms of simple snoring. But in moderate and severe OSAS groups, it was observed to increase serum TOS and OSI values while serum TAS levels decreased in CP groups significantly. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of saliva TAS, TOS and OSI levels. A statistically significant correlation between clinical periodontal parameters with OSAS severity was not detected. In moderate and severe OSAS groups, chronic periodontitis was found to contribute oxidative stress levels by increasing total oxidant status and decreasing total antioxidant status. In the systemically healthy patients, the effect of periodontitis on oxidative stress levels was not observed. OSAS was found to increase with increasing severity of oxidative stress. The study groups, saliva samples were found not to reflect the increase of systemic oxidative stress levels. Key words: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, oxidative stress index, periodontitis, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status