Determination of the effect of oral detergents on the epithelial barrier of the colon by measurements of e-cadherin, N-cadherin, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER)

Epithelial tissue and the barrier it creates are very important for the continuation of life. The colon epithelial barrier both prevents microbial contamination and plays very important physiological roles in nutrient and water transport. E-cadherin epithelial; N-cadherin and alpha-SMA are mesenchymal markers and epithelial barrier dysfunction can be evaluated with these markers. TEER measurement is one of the most important methods used to determine epithelial barrier function. Our study aims to evaluate the epithelial barrier dysfunction of intestinal epithelial cells treated with different concentrations of detergent through these markers and to address the role of detergents in the pathogenesis of proctocolitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dishwashing detergent diluted at 1/25,000 and 1/50,000 ratios was applied to human colon epithelial cells. Afterward, e-cadherin, n-cadherin and alpha-SMA levels were measured at 24 and 72 hours by Western blot method. TEER level was measured simultaneously at 24 and 72 hours. RESULTS In cells where detergent is applied at a concentration of 1/25000; Significant decrease in TEER value, significant increase in E-cadherin and alpha-SMA values were observed in the measurements made at the 24th hour. Statistical analysis could not be performed because N-cadherin was found to be the same in 3 repeated measurements. While there was no significant difference in TEER value at the same concentration at the 72nd hour measurement, a significant increase in E-cadherin value, and a significant decrease in n-cadherin and alpha-SMA values were observed. In cells where detergent is applied at a concentration of 1/50000; Significant increase in TEER value in measurements made at 24 hours; An increase in e-cadherin and n-cadherin values and a significant decrease in alpha-SMA values were observed. In the measurements made at the same concentration in 72 hours; While there was no significant difference in TEER and e-cadherin values; n cadherin and alpha SMA values were significantly decreased . CONCLUSION It was observed that the detergent decreased the TEER value and was dose dependent. From this point of view , its detrimental effect on the epithelial barrier was understood . When the effects on EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation) are examined through EMT markers, variable results are seen according to dose and measurement time. More detailed studies are needed to determine the correct dose and duration of administration .