Determination of biodiversity with ISSR markers and screening resistance genes with specific SSR markers in local apple genotipes grown in Middle Black Sea region

In this research, pomological characteristics, genetic varieties and resistance gene to scab disease were determined in native apple genotypes which grown in Tokat and Amasya provinces in Middle Black Sea Pass Zone region.47 local apples collected as a result of survey studies were examined. In terms of pomological characteristics of the examined genotypes; fruit weight, fruit diameter and and length, fruit flesh hardness and fruit shell color were investigated. Total soluble solid content (TSS), pH and titratable acidity values were determined for chemical properties. In determining the biodiversity among the examined genotypes, was used with ISSR marker technique and the similarity coefficient was found to be between 0.69 and 0.96. SSR marker technique was used for determination of resistance to scab disease in apple and at least one and up to six resistance genes were identified. As a result of the study; when the pomological properties were examined, the genotype 05 SU 016 was taken into consideration of dimension and the genotype 05 TD 019 was mentioned in point of TSS. Among the total local apple genotypes, the farthest relation degree was found between the genotype 05 TD 025 and the genotypes 60 NY 026 and 60 NY 027. On the contrary the closest relation degree was found between the genotype 05 TD 041 and 05 TD 042. The study also revealed that among the local apple genotypes, coded as 05 SH 013 and 05 SD 038 have 6 different resistance genes against scab disease.