Middle East division drafts and Turkey (1915-1923)

Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Iran and the lands belonging to this geography were the first civilizations of history and the place where the foundations of today's civilizations were laid. Because of the fact that agriculture and water are important, this land has made this region more valuable, and this land has been invaded many times and has been a scene of important wars. Muslims domination on these lands while being the main cause of the crusades, the domination of the Ottoman Empire in these lands brought peace and tranquility, has also maintained its long-lasting status in this geography. However, these lands entered a new turning point after began to attract the attention of the Europeans and in this new term these lands were described as Middle East as a geographical term with no boundaries. Middle East geography was the biggest field where the increased raw material demand could be met with the Industrial Revolution. Then the Ottoman Empire, which dominated the Middle East, has become non-industrialized and has lost its old strength. The interest of the European countries, especially England, has moved to this area with the fall of the Ottoman Empire. It was time to get into action that the beginning of the First World War from the point of England and France. These two forces preferred to agree on the First World War, who competed before the war to create areas of influence in the Middle East. In order to seize the Straits, Russia and Italy which is trying to be a colonizer country was attended to this alliance. While the war continuing, the Middle Eastern lands were shared by these countries with secret treaties. Istanbul, London, Sykes-Picot, Saint Jean de Maurienne treaties were the products of this mind. With these treaties, the imperialist countries have made a road map so that they try to minimize the competition that will emerge among themselves. England, which the empire on which the sun never sets was the country that played the greatest and important role in these sharing drafts. England has found this region a local self-help, the governor of Hijaz Sharif Hussein has changed the course of history in his correspondence with the British governor of Egypt McMahon. Unproblematic sharing the lands of Middle East was the aim of these efforts. However, the withdrawal of Russia from the war and the outbreak of secret treaties have caused new challenges and disagreement to emerge at the end of the war. England's efforts to have the oil field was the most important cause of this disagreement. At the end of the war, the great powers gathered in the Paris Peace Conference labored to share the lands of the Turkey and the Middle East, which has opened the door for new wars. The Syrian Entente, the Cairo Conference, the London and San Remo Conferences, proved that the conference in Paris could not provide peace. Because the priority of the Allies was to create more colonial territories than peace. The Colonial project, which the Ententes mostly emphasized, was the Sevres Treaty. Entente Countries have long argued provisions of Treaty of Sevres among them. There was another thing that Ententes could not take into account well that was the struggle of the Turkish nation. Because the Greeks, who had set up dreams of Megola Idea and established in Anatolia in order to enforce the Sevres, had a heavy defeat. This defeat has been a clear answer to the fact that the Entente Countries shared drafts will not be able to pass on the Anatolian lands. A new treaty, which the Turkish people refused to wear a mandate suit dressed up to them in the Middle East, did not allow the sharing of Anatolia with the Treaty of Lausanne.