Use of common energy storage systems for demand response in electric power systems

In the future, it is expected that the electric loads, especially electric transportation, will increase further, thus serious problems may arise in power systems. This situation increases the need for power systems with renewable energy sources. But these sources have inherently variable power production and are confront with many problems when are integrated into power systems. These difficulties can be effectively solved by energy storage systems. When it comes to choosing energy storage systems, it is seems economically more convenient to use a common energy storage system that serves a group of consumers unlike existing large size energy storage systems in many countries and individual use of small scale energy storage systems. The common energy storage system can be used for many purposes in a network including regional and local applications. Also they can easily integrate with PV and wind power generation plants. In this study, a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model of an AC power grid in which common energy storage systems locate to buses are presented. The created model is modeled in GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System). The aim function in study is to minimize active power losses. According to the results obtained from study, it is seen that the using of common energy storage systems reduces grid losses and energy demand from network at peak times. The common energy storage systems charged before the peak demand period. During the peak periods, energy states of common energy storage systems reduced and energy was supplied to the system.