Experimental optimization analysis of drilling and sawing applications in orthopedics and dentistry

Drilling and cutting operations were performed by surgeons and dentists when repairing orthopedic bone defects like fracture, cracks, tissue loss, and teeth restoration. There is a temperature interaction between cutting tool and operated tissue. Increasing temperature in bone, causes burns in bone tissue and generates necroses around drilling zone. Amount of temperature can be minimized with specifying optimum parameters in orthopedic and dental surgery.The aim of the study is to determine the optimum operating parameters for minimizing the bone problems due to temperature rise in tool-bone interface during cutting and drilling operations. For this purpose, an experimental study was performed by considering nearly all drilling parameters such as drill type, drill diameter, tip angle, rotation speed, feedrate, drilling force, sex of bone, density of bone, cutting speed, and operational environment. The temperature of drilling site was recorded as (°C) with speed rate of 1data/sec. The specimens were taken from drilling site of operated bovine bone then the temperature affected zone was investigated throughout hystopatological and scanning electron microscope (SEM).From the results it was observed that the temperature was increased with increasing rotational speed, on the contrary, it was decreased with high feedrates and loads. The drilling temperatures of the female bovine tibias were found to be higher than the male tibias, and it was observed that the TiBN coated drills caused higher temperatures than uncoated ones. Moreover the temperature increased with increasing drill diameter and bone density were observed. It was shown that, the results of the work are thought to assist especially in orthopedic applications and partially to dental surgical operations.