The investigation of prevalence and distrubiation of os trigonum on radiographs

The os trigonum is an accessory bone that is not fully fused with the talus during secondary ossification. The prevalence of os trigonum have been presented in different prevalences among different groups in the literature.Locations and frequency of os trigonum should be well known to reduce incorrect preliminary diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and distrubition of os trigonum in our population. For this aim all foot and/ or ankle radiographs scans made January 2017 and January 2019 were reviewed who applied to Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Medical Faculty Healt Aplication and Research Center. A total of 4654 patients were included. In 7.7 % of these individuals, os trigonum was present. The male patients were more likely to have an os trigonum (8.9%) compared with female patient. Os trigonum were seen in 7,7 % of right feet, 7,7 % of left feet in between all determited cases. In 43.7 % (31 patients) 71 bilateral radiographs patients of all 360 individiulas with os trigonum, it was present bilaterally, in 33.8 % (24 patients) of patients left foot unilaterally and in 22.5 % (16 patients) of patients right foot unilaterally. The ratio of pain symptom was found to be 44.7% in patients with os trigonum. This study showed that os trigonum as an accessory bone has been presented important frequently in our society. Clinicians should consider the presence of os trigonum in order to make a correct diagnosis of foot pain with unknown etiology. Hence, we have determined an overall assesment about the prevalence of os trigonum of foot and distribution in our region. Keywords: Ankle, Foot, Os trigonum, Accesory ossicles, Radiograpghy.