Evaluation of ground water depth, soil and water parameters of Osmankalfalar pond irrigation areas with geostatistical methods

In the last two decades, with the use of advanced technology, remote sensing and geographic information systems have been used to determine the properties of water and soils and to estimate the properties in non-sampled areas. It is possible to determine the spatial changes of water and soil properties by using semi-variogram and kriging analyses especially used in geostatistical modelling and to estimate its value at any point within the study area. In this study, the spatial variability of the results obtained from 20 observation wells, which were obtained by the General Directory of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) in the Osmankalfalar irrigation project area. The results of the analysis of the water depth measurements, and the soil samples were analysed by geostatistical methods. In this context, descriptive statistics and histogram, trend analysis, normal QQplot, semi variogram, covariance, autocorrelation results and graphs were evaluated with the aim of determining the spatial changes of these data. In this study, water and soil salinity distribution maps were formed with the equilibrium depth, the lowest and the lowest equilibrium depth with the kriging interpolation technique. According to the results obtained, the determination of the change in the general flow direction of the ground water in the irrigation area and the measured values in the observation wells close to each other, the values of the measured values and the effect areas of the depth changes in the irrigation season and the determination of the problematic areas that may occur, distribution of the baseline and soil salinity (EC) ratios and their effects were demonstrated.