In-vitro evaluation of bone changes in implant fields prepared by osseodensification technique and traditional method

In this thesis, it was aimed to evaluate the changes in the bone in the implant sites prepared with the Osseodensification technique and the traditional method, in-vitro. Bovine femur cortical bones were used in our study. Osseodensification technique and conventional method on bone blocks were drilled at room temperature for the preparation of implant sites with a diameter of 3.5 mm and 5.0 mm and a length of 9 mm and 15 mm. Eight groups were formed in order to examine the temperature changes in the bone by forming groups according to the method, length and diameter. Each group was formed from 30 implant sites. In order to evaluate the heat generated in the bone during drilling, the surgical tour motor used in osteotomy was adapted to the parallelometer device to enter the bone at a right angle, and the milling process was performed on the fresh bovine femur cortical bone. The temperature formed during the drilling was measured by placing 2 k-type thermocouple temperature sensors at a distance of 1 mm at each of the right and left sides of the drill hole, at a depth of 9 and 15 mm. This process was repeated 30 times for each group and the temperature measurements made during drilling were recorded. Drilling at room temperature was performed on the bone blocks with the Osseodensification technique and conventional method for the preparation of implant sites with a diameter of 3.5 mm and 5.0 mm and a length of 9 mm and 15 mm.16 groups were formed in order to examine the primary stability values of the implants placed by forming groups according to the method, length, diameter and implant thread design. For each group, 15 implant sites were created and implants were placed. The osstel device was used to evaluate the primary stability of the placed implants. Aggressive and passive implants were sent to the implant sites prepared at 9 mm and 15 mm depths manually with the insertion key, and primary stability values were recorded with the help of an osstel device. Drilling at room temperature was performed for the preparation of implant sites with a diameter of 3.5 mm and 5.0 mm with a diameter of 9 mm and a length of 15 mm with the Osseodensification technique and conventional method. Eight groups were formed in order to examine the bone density around the implant sockets by forming groups according to the method, height and diameter. Each group was formed from 30 implant sites. Sagittal sections were obtained by examining the implant sites with computed tomography. In the obtained sections, the average value was obtained and recorded in the measurements at the middle points of 0.5 mm2 of the 3 walls. As a result; In temperature experiments, no increase in temperature exceeding 47 C, which is the critical value for bone necrosis, was observed in any group. The lowest temperature occurred during drilling was observed in the group with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a height of 9 mm, which was formed with the traditional technique, and the highest temperature was observed in the Osseodensification group, which was 5.0 mm in diameter and 15 mm in length. In primary stability experiments, the highest primary stability measured was observed in the Osseodensification group, which was designed passively in terms of thread design, with a diameter of 5.0 mm and a length of 15 mm. The lowest recorded primary stability was observed in the group formed with the conventional technique, with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 9 mm, which was designed passively in terms of thread design. In the bone density measurement experiments, it was observed around the implant sockets with a diameter of 5.0 mm and a length of 9 mm created by the Osseodensification group. The least measured density was recorded around the 3.5 mm diameter and 15 mm long implant sockets prepared by the conventional method. In our study, it was observed that the Osseodensification technique did not exceed the temperature that would cause bone necrosis when the temperature was higher than the traditional method, and it provided significant increases in primary stability and bone density.