Otomatik ve öğretmen geri bildirimlerinin karşılaştırılması: İkinci dil yazma kaygısı, ikinci dil yazma motivasyonu ve öğrencilerin algıları üzerindeki etkileri

This study investigates the effects of automated and teacher feedback on EFL students' writing anxiety and motivation, while capturing the perspectives of preparatory year students studying at the Department of English Language and Literature at Karadeniz Technical University. To this end, the Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory and the Second Language Writing Motivation Scale were used. Of 73 learners, one group received teacher feedback, while the other received AI-generated feedback from ChatGPT and Paperpal on their paragraph writing assignments over six weeks, with Paperpal providing feedback on form and ChatGPT offering comments and suggestions on content. After the experiment, a post-test compared the two groups, and semi-structured interviews with six participants from each group offered qualitative insights into their experiences with the writing feedback method, anxiety, and motivation levels. The quantitative findings indicated that both feedback methods significantly reduced students' anxiety levels, particularly cognitive anxiety. Post-intervention, both groups experienced a moderate decrease in motivation, with intrinsic motivation significantly declining and extrinsic motivation remaining low and stable. Although no significant differences were found in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation between the groups, the experimental group exhibited an increase in amotivation compared to the control group. The qualitative analysis revealed increased willingness to write, reduced avoidance, and high satisfaction with the automated feedback group, particularly regarding feedback detail, promptness, and positive comments. In contrast, the teacher feedback group exhibited lower satisfaction, especially concerning feedback detail and speed. Besides insights into motivation and anxiety, the study also explores learners' use of AI tools and their attitudes towards them, offering suggestions for future research.