Investigation of Oxytropis argyroleuca Bornm. plant in terms of phytochemical and biological activity

In the scope of this thesis, phytochemical investigations and biological activity assessments were carried out on Oxytropis argyroleuca Bornm. (Fabaceae). The flower volatiles were obtained using the MSD-SPME technique, while extracts and sub-fractions with different polarities were prepared from the herb and root parts of the plant. The fixed fatty acids and lipophilic vitamins were extracted from seeds and aerial parts. The chemical compositions of the volatiles, fatty acids, lipophilic vitamins, polysaccharides, and extracts were analyzed using different chromatography techniques. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content determinations were performed. Major volatile constituents were identified as linalool, α-terpineol, borneol, camphor, and (E)-geranyl acetone. The dominant fatty acids were determined to be palmitic, stearic, nonadecanoic, linoleic, linolenic acids. In the seeds, the vitamin E was detected. The aerial part extracts contained major components such as pinitol, sucrose, β-glucopyranose, α-glucopyranose, hexacosanol, triacontanoic acid, octacosanoic acid, nonacosane, and β-sitosterol. In the root extracts, the major constituents were phytosterols (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and stigmast-4-en-3-one), diterpenoids ((13R)-8,13-epoxy-labd-14-en-2-one), triterpenoids (lup-20(30)-en-3-one, lupeol, friedelan-3-one), and sugars (sucrose and raffinose). The ethyl acetate fraction was found to contain flavonoids, including astragalin, isoquercitrin, and quercetin, as well as isoflavones such as genistin and genistein. Among the phenolic acids, gentisic, salicylic, and protocatechuic acids were identified. The composition of water-soluble polysaccharides from the aerial parts was elucidated. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant antioxidant activity and showed inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, indicating possible antidiabetic effects.