Passive optical networks and applications

Today, in communication networks besides data communication, as well as voice and video traffic, transport and the introduction of new applications with the needed high-bandwidth Internet backbone. Developing fiber technologies give this high-capacity needs. In this respect the importance of communication technologies, optical communications, optical devices used in both types is increasing in data, audio or video services given the choice of suitable infrastructure location.Fiber technology, which is use in metroethernet networks, provide us the need for increased capacity also make communication easily for end users. Some system of fiber cabinets are improved and FTTH systems are being used. Using passive elements rather than active elements of the cycle's of optic, optical fiber is used for its contribution to reduction of investment and maintenance costs have come down in access networks. This types of networks is called Passive Optical Networks.In this thesis variety of passive optical networks, theirs working principles and applications are studied. In a passive optical network structure, power budget accounting and some passive optical topologies, which topologies are suitable power budget accounting and for inreasing communication performance, are studied with Optisystem 7.0 simulation program. The main purpose in passive networks to reach long distances and much more users. In this thesis appropriate topologies are investigated by optained BER diyagrams, power, spectrum and gain graphics for PON systems. Optical amplifiers, optical filters, optical izolators, optical couplers, optical splitters and other electro-optic devices are used. Also WDM and TDM originated topologies are studied and in laboratory some tests were generated for investigate optical performans and compliance measurements were made at a specific optical network.In this thesis, on the second part fiber optic basics and fiber optical communication systems are investigated, on the third part passive optical networks are handled and on the fourth and fifth parts some theoritical, simulation and laboratory works are shown and results are written.