Comparative evalution of intraoral molar distalization methods: Pendulum, benefit and AMDA

The aim of our study is to compare the dentoalvelolar and skeletal effects of the following intraoral molar distalization appliances:Dental anchoraged Pendulum,bone anchoraged Benefit and AMDA.10 patients each were treated with the aforementioned appliances in Department of Orthodontics of Istanbul University were included in the study,and comparisons were made with cephalometric radiographs,cephalometric radiographs with wire markers and plaster study models taken before and after molar distalization.The mean skeletal age before treatment was 15.85±1.7 in the Pendulum group(PG),16.25±1.01 in the Benefit group(BG),15.9±1.37 in the AMDA group(AG),and the average distalization times were 8.77±2.11 months,8.09±3.83 months and 9.85±3.07 months respectively.Although the amount of molar distalization(6±3.5mm) of PG is significantly higher than BG(3.45±1.14mm) and AG(3.3±2.18mm),the distal tipping of molars in PG(6,2°±7.07°),protrusion of incisors(2.97°±3.59°/2.7±4.22mm),overjet increase(1.3±1.41mm),mesiobuccal rotation of molars(14,4°±10,56°) are significantly higher compared to other groups.Due to the significant extrusion amount of the second premolar(2.85±3.11mm) in PG, there was a significant increase in the vertical dimensions than the other groups.There was a significant increase in the vertical dimensions of BG;overbite decreased significantly compared to BG in PG and AG in BG.In BG and AG, premolars were distalized with molars and retrusion were observed in the incisors.Significant distal tipping occurred in molars(5.8°±5.96°) and premolars(10.35°±9.02°) in AG.The transversal width between molars and premolars increased significantly in BG and AG.Consequently;several dental and skeletal side effects of the Pendulum appliance were detected.It has been found out that AMDA appliance is difficult to use in terms of stabilization,dental side effects and patient discomfort.Benefit was clinically more advantageous,since it provides more bodily movement,has less dentoalveolar side effects and a positive effect in the transversal direction,provided that it is used with care in patients with vertical directional development pattern.