Evaluation of the thermodynamic effects of lasers used in the treatmeant of peri-implantitis

Dental implants are a common treatment option for oral rehabilitation in clinical practice. Biological complications can occur even with healthy implants. The most important of these complications is peri-implantitis. In the treatment of peri-implantitis; the use of laser systems in addition to mechanical treatment has taken place in the literature and its remarkable effects have been reported. However, it has been observed that there is no common consensus on the laser parameters used in the literature. The aim of this study is to measure and compare the temperature change during implant decontamination with different laser types. In our study, sheep lower jaw bone obtained from the butcher was used. Dental implants were placed in the premolar region following tooth extraction. Er:Cr:YSGG (λ: 2780 nm, power of 1W, 2W, 3W) and Diode lasers (λ: 445nm, 660nm, 970nm) were applied to the implants in continuous pulsed mode. Temperature change was recorded from 2 points of the implant (apical, coronal) for 60 seconds every 10 seconds with a thermocouple after laser irradiation. According to the results obtained; critical threshold (10 °C); Diode laser at 445 nm wavelength and 2.5W power in 7 seconds, for 970 nm wavelength and 2W power in 13 seconds, Er:Cr:YSGG laser is the critical threshold; MZ-8 tip 3W power at 30% air 70% water setting in 34 seconds, RFPT5 tip 2W power 70% air 30% water 59 seconds, 3W Power 30% air 70% water 7 seconds, 3W Power 50% air % 50 water exceeded in 6 seconds. It was observed that the critical temperature threshold at the apical point of the implant was not exceeded after all parameters of both lasers were applied. According to the results obtained within the limits of this study; Diode laser and Er:Cr:YSGG laser in implant decontamination are safe when used for a limited time. When these times are exceeded, it has been observed that it causes changes on the implant surface and bone necrosis.