The relationship between haematological index and severity of tasc classification in patiens with peripheric arter di̇seases

Aim: Peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) are one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide and their frequency is increasing. It is often associated with ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases because of underlying pathology is atherosclerosis. Several studies have shown that systemic inflammation has an important place in the onset, progression and prognosis of atherosclerosis. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, and eosinophils are cells that play a key role in inflammation, especially neutrophils contribute to the progression of inflammation via secreting arachidonic acid metabolites, chemoattractants and superoxide radicals. Besides blood measured by high red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV) values have been associated with the inflammatory reaction and the idea can be used as predictors of morbidity or mortality in atherosclerotic PAD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate these parameters and the indices [neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), eosinophil to lymphocyte ratio (ELR)] obtained from them and PAD severity according to TASC-II classification. Methods: 170 PAD patients with peripherally angiographically diagnosed between September 2014 and August 2017 at Dicle University Heart Hospital were included in the study. Laboratory values of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. According to TASC-II classification, lesions of patients were determined and patients were divided into two groups as TASC-II AB (n:77) or TASC-CD (n:93) according to the angiographic severity of the lesions. The demographic characteristics of the patients (age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, hyperlipidemia) were questioned and reported in both groups. Results: There was no significant difference between groups in terms of demographic features except hypertension. Percutaneous intervention was performed in 106 of 170 patients who underwent peripheral angiography and 60 of them were stented. Most intervened artery was superficial femoral artery (48 patients). Statistically significant relation was found between the high values of NLR, PLR, ELR, RDW and PDW and the severity of peripheral arterial disease according to TASC-II classification. There was no statistically significant relationship between MPV values and PAD severity. When correlation analysis was performed, high correlation with RDW; moderate correlation with NLR, PLR, PDW; low correlation with ELR was detected between TASC-II classification. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between plasma NLR, PLR, ELR, RDW and PDW values and PAD severity according to TASC-II classification. These markers, which can be measured with a simple whole blood count, can provide prediction the severity and prevalence of PAD. However, because of there are only a small number of studies done in the literature in this area, it is necessary to confirm this relationship with any other studies. There was no significant relationship between MPV values and the severity of PAD. Since the number of studies done in the literature is very small and studies involve conflicting information, more work is needed in this area.