Investigation of immunological biomarkers in periodontitis and peri-implantitis cases

Diseases caused by inflammation of the supporting tissues of the periodontium by multifactorial factors are called periodontal diseases. The diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of periodontal diseases are important for the elimination of inflammation. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of biochemical parameters such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), procalcitonin (PCT) and neopterin on the diagnosis and prognosis of periodontal diseases. In our study, patients were divided into 4 subgroups (1.group healthy tooth, 2.group periodontitis, 3.group peri-implantitis and 4.group healthy implant), with 30 persons in each group. Consent form was obtained before samples were taken from the patients. Samples of patients' gingival groove fluid (DOS), peri-implanter groove fluid (PIOS) were taken from the lower 6th teeth and implants. In addition, saliva samples were collected from all groups. Saliva fluid was centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes and stored at -80 degrees until analysis day. At the same time, probing pocket depth (SCD), clinical attachment level (CAS), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) and probe bleeding index (SCI) were measured from the patients and all values were recorded. Biochemical analysis of the collected samples was carried out by ELISA method. Statistical analysis of all data obtained was evaluated using the SPSS 23 package program. As a result of the study, no statistically significant difference was found in glutathione peroxidase-DOS-PIOS values (p> 0.05), while glutathione peroxidase saliva value was the highest in the peri-implantitis group and there was a statistically significant difference between the other groups (p <0.05). . PCT-DOS-PIOS and saliva values were statistically significantly higher in the peri-implantitis and periodontitis groups compared to the healthy groups (p <0.05). It is statistically significant between PCT-saliva values (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the neopterin-DOS-PIOS values between the groups (p> 0.05). In the peri-implantitis and periodontitis groups, neopterin-saliva values were found to be statistically significantly higher than the healthy groups (p <0.05). When the clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated, the values in the peri-implantitis and periodontitis groups were found to be statistically significantly higher than the healthy groups (p <0.05). According to the results of our study, GSH-Px, PCT, neopterin levels increase with periodontal diseases. It may be useful to use biochemical parameters in the early diagnosis of perioodontal diseases. More comprehensive studies are needed on this subject. Keywords: glutathione peroxidase, procalcitonin C, neopterin, peri-implantitis, periodontitis