Role of landscape urbanism in urban design

There are many urban design approaches that have been developed in order to respond to the new needs of the changing urban environment, where cities have grown in the historical process and have shown dynamic movements such as stagnation and even extinction. Landscape urbanism has been developing potential models for new planning applications by feeding on the current meanings of landscape and ecology for the last thirty years and extending the theoretical framework of this proposal. Landscape urbanism theory allegedly allows landscape architects to utilize traditional tools to perceive and analyze the sprawling city, to better understand urban dynamics compared to architectural approaches, and to provide flexibility in responding to changing landscape and urban design programs in the process. This approach, which is a critique of postmodern urbanism that places certain rules and patterns on the city, Aims to give a strategic answer that allows program changes in the cities by linking landscape with key concepts such as 'uncertainty, open-endedness, flow, flexibility, complex and open systems'. The aim of the study is to evaluate these arguments, Through the application examples mentioned together with this theory, the opinions of the professional people are consulted and the validity of the urban design is questioned. Within the scope of the study; A detailed reading was carried out by examining the emergence of theory in the historical process, the research of the people who put forward the theory and the names that are outstanding, the educational institutions in which the theory was accepted, and the outstanding project applications. Parc de la Villette, High Line, and Fresh Kills park projects, which were thought to have coincided with the concepts first proposed with the theory, played a major role in the theory. But references to these projects, which can be seen as an effort to embody the practice from theory to practice, have opened the way for the critique of theory. In this study, the theory of landscape urbanism, which is drawn on the basis of discussion between theory and practice; Evaluating the views of academic and practitioner persons through the projects mentioned together; Is aimed at revealing the role of urban design. Opinions of interviewees were obtained through qualitative interview method. Findings from interviews; Reveals the variability of both urban design and landscape urbanism, regardless of whether interviewers come from different or similar disciplines. These variabilities are important in the discussion of theory in terms of the role of landscape urbanism in urban design. There have been differences in both the meaning of the projects as well as the theoretical backgrounds and perceptions of the projects. However, it has been found that some key words have been repeated in the interviewer. Interviews without prior informing about theory and project visuals provided a platform of impartial and open idea. The benefit of working in this sense is that it allows for the discussion and evaluation of Landscape Urbanism in an analytical framework.