Determination of the optimum conditions for the production of furfural with the reaction of prina extraction

DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR THEPRODUCTION OF FURFURAL WITH THE REACTION OF PRINAEXTRACTION(M. Sc. Thesis)Fatma EROĞLUGAZİ UNIVERSITYTHE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYSeptember 2006ABSTRACTAgricultural and wooden waste containing pentozan can be used aslignocellulosic raw materials for the production of furfural. The most importantannual agricultural waste that can be used as raw material for the production offurfural are corn cob, oats husk, cotton seed husk, sugarcane waste, rice husk,prina pulp, nutshell and sugar beet pulp. The study was done with prina pulpwhose pentazon content is 21- 23% on the dry base with the liquid extractionmethod. The production of furfural from the prina pulp with liquid extractionmethod was realized in this study.In the study, Box-Wilson Method which is an experimental design method wasused and o-nitrotoluen extraction was used while determining these optimumconditions. The reasons for choosing o-nitrotoluen used for the production offurfural from prina are that it has high distribution coefficient for furfural (8,4at 170ºC), it is at a higher boiling point than furfural (Tkn(o-nitro toluen) = 222ºC,Tkn(fuurfural) = 161,7ºC), the density of furfural is different from that of water(dwater= 1, dfurfural.= 1,1598), and the other components in the solution (xylose,water, H2SO4) do not dissolve in o-nitro toluen.In the study conducted, first fixed H2SO4 concentration (5%) in the productionof furfural from prina and different amounts of prina with unchanging H2SO4amounts obtained for each study at fixed temperature (175ºC) were taken, andan optimum solid/ liquid ratio for furfural production was found. Based onthese results, three independent variable H2SO4 concentrations for experimentaldesign (%3- %7), temperature (160ºC- 200ºC), choosing solid/ liquid ratio as(0,33- 0,67g/mL), optimum values were found with Design Expert 7.0.0program. maximum amount of furfural produced is 6,55mg/ mL.hour,temperature is 198ºC, H2SO4 concentration is %4,45(g/ 100mL), solid/ liquidratio is 0,65(g/ mL).From the furfural amounts obtained, the following model equality for theamount of furfural production (mg/ ml.saat) was developed with Design-Expertprogram;Amount of Furfural= 6,04+ 0,33X1+ 0,62X2+ 0,31X3- 1,24X1X2+ 0,82X1X3-0,88X12- 0,96X22- 0,35X32Science Code : 912.1.023Key Words : Prina, furfural, liquid extraction, Box-Wilson MethodNumber of pages : 72Thesis Supervisors : Yrd. Doç. Dr. S. Ferda MUTLU