Development of an electrochemical pyruvate biosensor for pyruvate determination

A novel, simple, and reliable biosensor was developed by modifying a polycaprolactone film with aluminum nanoparticles and used for the first time to detect pyruvate. The electrochemical properties and surface characteristics of the aluminum nanoparticles-modified film-coated gold electrode were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The biosensor responded to pyruvate within a concentration range of 1 μM to 1000 μM with a sensitivity of 2,30 µA 〖µM〗^(-1) cm^(-2) at an applied potential of +0,4 V. The obtained accuracy was 99,5% ± 0,002 with a relative standard deviation of only 0,041%. The limit of detection was calculated to be 0,45 μM. The biosensor was tested using human serum from male AB plasma and gave a result with a high measurement accuracy of 105.11 ± 0.02%. The initial response was maintained at 98% and 87% after 10 and 20 days, respectively.