An investigation of the frequency of peer bullying according to the variables related to school, student and family through PISA 2018

This study has two purposes. The first aim is to examine the status of being bullied by school types and gender, and the other aim is to examine how the students, who report being bullied frequently, differ from the students who report being bullied infrequently in terms of individual, school and family characteristics. In this direction, analyzes were carried out using PISA 2018 student data sets. The sample of the study consists of 6890 students aged 15, who constitute the PISA 2018 Turkey sample. In line with the purpose of the research, analyzes of gender and school type were analyzed through two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); and the analyzes of the students who are bullied frequently and infrequently were analyzed through multi-directional analysis of variance (MANOVA). As a result of the analysis, it was found that the status of being bullied differed significantly according to gender, school type, and the interaction between gender and school type. In addition, it was found that there is a significant difference between students who are bullied frequently and infrequently in terms of resilience, perception of competence in reading, mastery goal orientation, fear of failure, sense of belonging to school, attitude towards school at individual level; disciplinary climate, teacher-directed instruction, adaptive instruction, perceived teacher support, teacher enthusiasm, perception of cooperation at school level; and perceived family support at the family level.