The incidence of adiponectin gene polymorphism and its relation to serum adiponectin and androgen levels, insulin resistance and clinical parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

PCOS is a famial disease causing endocrinologic and reproductive disorders. Yet, the genetic background of the disease is obscure. More than 30 genes have been investigated in studies on PCOS genetics. One of those genes is adiponectin gene. Although there are many studies on the relationship between adiponectin gene polymorphism and insulin resistance, very few studies have investigated adiponectine gene polymorphism in PCOS. In this study, where we investigated the relationship of polymorphism of adiponectin gene (T45G in exon 2) with the development of PCOS and insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenemia, hypoadiponectinemia and clinical findings in women with PCOS. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of gene polymorphism and genotype distribution between PCOS and control groups (p>0.05). We have shown that polymorphism of T45G adiponectin gene in exon 2 is not related to clinical findings, antropometric parameters, increased serum androgen levels and decreased adiponectin levels in PCOS. Nevertheless, fasting insulin level and insulin resistance were significantly higher in polymorphic group (p<0.05). Our results indicate that the risk of PCOS, obesity in PCOS, hyperandrogenism and low serum adiponectin levels cannot be attributed to polymorphism of T45G adiponectin gene in exon 2, yet it supports the hypothesis that this polymorphism may be related to insulin resistance and associated problems and complications in PCOS.Our study shows that adiponectin gene is not causing the development of PCOS but it plays an important role in the development of phenotypic characteristics.