Women civil servants in post-Fordist public administration: Comparison of Turkey and Mongolia

In the 1980s, the regime of accumulation and mode of regulation of Post-Fordism, which began to spread worldwide, led to a transformation in the management approach. With the implementation of flexible-based practices, women have become indispensable components of the labor force. However, this development has resulted in women being subjected to dual exploitation by capital and patriarchal capitalist systems. The utilization of women as a cheap labor source by capital through flexible work practices has caused the exploitation of women's labor in the workplace. Moreover, the allocation of women's remaining time to reproductive activities has led to the exploitation of women's labor by capitalist patriarchy. This trend observed during the Post-Fordist era has also affected public administration, as governments have sought to attract global capital within their borders by adopting flexibility in employment and working hours. This study aims to examine the gender relations in public administration during the Post-Fordist era in Turkey and Mongolia and make a comparison between the two countries. To achieve this goal, in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with 42 public employees from a total of five public institutions selected from Turkey and Mongolia, and a survey was conducted with 178 individuals from the same institutions. Therefore, a mixedmethod approach was adopted in the research, combining both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The data obtained from qualitative and quantitative research were analyzed and evaluated in separate sections. Two different Mann-Whitney U Tests were conducted on the quantitative data using gender and country variables. Ethics committee approval has obtained for the field study of the research (Decision No: 69672). As a result, it was observed that the public administration in both Turkey and Mongolia possessed a patriarchal structure, contributing to gender inequalities. Particularly, certain practices within the promotion, hierarchical order, and institutional structure subjected both female and male public personnel to sexual discrimination. The study also examined flexible working practices and performance evaluations specific to the Post-Fordist era. Consequently, it was found that neither country could successfully implement flexible working hours and performance evaluation practices, and when they were implemented, they led to gender inequalities.