The investigation of angled implants with different angle, diameter and length designs application on posterior maxilla using three dimensional finite element stress analysis method.

Dental implants are routinely used in solving problems such as aesthetic, function and phonation due to the loss of natural teeth in the contemporary dentistry. General health status of individuals with good maxilla has a lower density than the mandible and bone loss in the vertical direction is greater than in the maxilla. In addition to the physiological resorption, implant application to the posterior maxillary region makes difficult if maxillary sinus are situated close to alveolar crest hill with a variety of reasons. In such cases, the methods applied to obtain a sufficient amount of bone of the posterior maxillary region brings disadvantages such as additional surgical procedures, cost of treatment associated therewith and prolonged healing time. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, alternative solutions have been shown in several studies by a lot of researchers. The aim of this study is to create a different alternative method to fulfill the function of the patient with a single surgical procedure, without the need for a second surgical procedure such as sinus lifting in maxillary posterior region without adequate bone level cases. For this purpose; implants were placed at different angles on the atrophic maxilla model that formed with Visible Human Projects data's. The finite element stress analysis was performed by changing the implant diameter and length with the application of vertical, horizontal and oblique forces that mimic the chewing forces to the entire system. The highest stress levels were measured on implants and the highest stress was concentrated in the implant neck region according to the results obtained from this study. The conclusion of this study that the most ideal treatment option is placing the implant with sinüs lift procedure however placing posterior implants with 150 angle may be an alternative treatment method to avoid sinus lift when the stress are evaluated on the cortical and cancellous bone.