The potentials and limitations of utilizing animal manure for biogas production in rural agricultural households: A comprehensive analysis of Ethiopia and Türkiye

With the growing threat of climate change and global warming along with the exponential exploitation of resources, the need for adaptation of renewable and cleaner energy technologies especially in emerging and developing economies has been inevitable. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the potentials and limitations associated with the utilization of animal manure for biogas production in rural agricultural households, with a specific focus on Ethiopia and Türkiye. The thesis aims to identify the key factors that influence the adoption of biogas technology in these countries and provide insights into the socio-economic and environmental benefits and challenges associated with the use of animal manure for energy generation. The thesis employs a mixed-methods approach that combines a systematic literature review with primary data collected through surveys and interviews with farmers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. The results reveal that the utilization of animal manure for biogas production has significant potential for rural agricultural households in both Ethiopia and Türkiye, as it can provide an efficient, reliable, and affordable source of energy while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the thesis also highlights several limitations and challenges that need to be addressed to promote the uptake of biogas technology in these countries. These include technical, financial, and policy-related barriers, as well as social and cultural factors that influence the acceptance and use of biogas systems.