Evaluation of the relationship between premature coronary artery disease and periodontal disease

The aim of our study is to evaluate the severity of periodontal disease in men under the age of 45 and women under the age of 55 who underwent coronary angiography, and to correlate it with periodontal clinical parameters and the levels of salivary IL-1β, myeloperoxidase(MPO), and matrix metalloproteinase 8(MMP-8) biomarkers. The study is a controlled clinical trial. Sample sizes were calculated with 95% confidence interval and 80% power to detect a difference of 0.7 units, with a standard deviation of 1.06 units, based on results obtained from a similar study. (Vražić, Miovski, Strozzi vd., 2015) The patients were selected from those who presented to the Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine Cardiology Clinic, underwent coronary angiography. We made the measurements of the Silness-Löe plaque index, Löe-Silness gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level. Unstimulated saliva was collected from each patient using the standard saliva collection method, and stored at -80 degrees celsius. The levels of IL-1β, MPO, and MMP-8 in all samples were determined using the ELISA method. All data were statistically analyzed. In our study, mean pocket depth values were found to be statistically higher in the premature coronary artery disease group (2.24±0.74) compared to the control group (1.94±0.64) (p<0.04). No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in other periodontal parameters and salivary IL-1β, MPO and MMP-8 concentrations. Since CD is a marker of periodontal disease, our study results support that there may be a relationship between periodontal disease and premature coronary artery disease.