The effect of pelvic floor muscle training given to pregnancy with motivational interview method in pregnancy and postpartum period on urinary incontinence

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of pelvic floor muscle training given to primigravida pregnant women via motivational interviewing method (MG) on urinary incontinence (UI) during pregnancy and the postpartum period. A total of 41 primigravida pregnant women, including the experimental (n=22) and control (n=19) groups, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the randomized controlled type study. In study, descriptive data form, Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Scale (BFLUTS), BROOME Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise (PFME) Self-Efficacy Scale, urinary diary, pad test, superficial electromyography (EMG) and transperineal ultrasonography (USG) was used. Pelvic floor muscle training was given to the experimental group with the MG method, and repeated measurements were made at the 20th, 28th, 36th weeks of pregnancy and the 6th postpartum week. It was determined that BFLUTS storage, urination and UI subscale scores and BFLUTS total scores in all measurements of the women in the experimental group of the pelvic floor muscle training given by the MG method were significantly lower than those in the control group at the 28th and 36th weeks of pregnancy (p<0.05). It was determined that the BROOME total scores in the experimental group increased over time and there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). In addition, it was determined that the experimental group had lower pad test weights, more fluid intake, and fewer urinary urges and UI compared to the control group. It was observed that there was no significant difference in the EMG and USG measurement values of the pelvic floor and other muscles of the groups according to the measurement times. It has been determined that pelvic floor muscle training given by the MG method is effective in urine storage, urination and UI in primigravida pregnant women during pregnancy and postpartum periods and increases PFME self-efficacy. It was determined that there was no change in the pelvic floor and core muscles of the experimental group. It is recommended that nurses and midwives provide pelvic floor muscle training in preventing and managing UI using the MG method starting from the antenatal period, and that the training should be continued in the postpartum period. Keywords: Pregnancy, Urinary Incontinence, Pelvic Floor Muscle Training, Motivational Interviewing, Nursing.