Evaluation of the applicability of the seyr-i nâtik example composed from kâr-i nâtik works in rast maqam in violin education

The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to compose a Seyr-i Nâtık example incorporating both the traditional and international violin playing techniques, (2) to gather the evaluations of experts about the appropriateness and applicability of the composed Seyr-i Nâtık example in violin education. The study was conducted in three stages. In stage one; general literature reviewing was used to determine the applicability of Turkish Musical elements. The content analyses of seven Kâr-ı Nâtık works, composed in Rast maqam, were carried out. These analyses had two main aims: to determine the traditional style, which constitutes one of the pillars of the Seyr-i Nâtık example and to obtain data to be used in the process of the composition of the Seyr-i Nâtık example. The conducted content analyses helped us to uncover the attributes of Rast Kâr-ı Nâtık (e.g., the beginning of the melody showing the attributes of the maqam, the components that make up the maqam), the limits of the maqam range and the duration values and frequencies of occurrence of the pitches used in the patterns. In the second stage of the study, the educational and composition writing models were selected. Acting on the notion that following a specific education model when composing the Seyr-i Nâtık example would increase the level of impact of the composition, the most appropriate model for the purpose of the study was searched for and the ?Taba-Tyler Programme Development Model? was selected. Then, the literature in the field was scrutinised and the ?Seyr-i Nâtık Writing Model? was chosen for this study. The ?Seyr-i Nâtık Writing Model? included the following steps: needs analysis, identification of the teaching/learning objectives, selection and arrangement of the teaching content and educational experiences, and composition and evaluation of the Seyr-i Nâtık piece. The created Seyr-i Nâtık example was composed within the Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek tone system utilising the most commonly used maqams in the Kâr-ı Nâtık works composed in Rast maqam. These maqams were similar to the fourteen maqams that have been included in the general music education programmes in Turkey since 1986. The most frequently used ornamentation techniques (beat, trill, mordant, glissando) in Turkish music performance, and the basic bowing techniques (detaché, legato and staccato), limited to positions I and III were also used in the composed Seyr-i Nâtık example. In stage three, the evaluations of acknowledged scholars related to the applicability of the composed Rast Seyr-i Nâtık example in violin education were collected using questionnaires. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 17 (The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and the analysis of the data included the calculation of descriptive statistics such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post Hoc LSD statistical testing were used in the analysis of the interaction between the dependent and the independent variables. The results of the study show that the Rast Seyr-i Nâtık example, composed for this study, has characteristics reflecting not only the international violin playing techniques but also the traditional violin playing style. Therefore, it can be used in violin education to reach the targeted teaching and learning aims and objectives. The findings also indicate that the composed Rast Seyr-i Nâtık example will be able to make valuable positive contributions to the advancement of the violin education of the students.