Investigation of effectiveness on bone regeneration of strontium ranelate in rat calvarial bone defect

Aim: This work aims to study the effect of strontium ranelate in rat calvarial bone defects- that are experimentally generated on bone regeneration. Material and Method: 40 Wistar albino rats were used in this work. A standard 5 mm diameter defect was made in each rat's calvarium. Animals were divided into 5 groups. In the first group (A), the defect in rat calvarium was empty. Animals were normally fed for 2 months and sacrificed later. The defect in rat calvarium in the second group (B) was also empty. Animals in this group were also sacrificed after they were fed daily 625 mg/kg strontium ranelate (Protelos 2 g- Servier) through gavage. In the third group (C), PLGA materials with strontium ranelate were placed into the defect in rat calvarium. Animals in the group were normally fed for 2 months and sacrificed later. In the fourth group (D), empty PLGA material was placed into the defect in rat calvarium. Animals in this group were normally fed for 2 months and sacrificed later. In the fifth group (E), empty PLGA material was placed into the defect in rat calvarium. Animals in this group were normally fed daily 625 mg/kg strontium ranelate (Protelos 2 g- Servier) through gavage and sacrificed later. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to analyze whether parameters gathered from data analysis were normally distributed. It found that the parameters were not fit to normal distribution. The Kruskal Wallis test was applied to compare the parameters between the groups and the Mann Whitney U test was used to find out the group that differs from others. The significance level was 5%. Results: Histomorphometric analysis showed that the amount of ossification increases in study groups more than control groups. Analyzing the study groups, the highest rate of ossification was in the group C, followed by E, B and D respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that the granular and locally oscillated form of strontium ranelate increases bone regeneration. Key Words: Strontium ranelate, Histology, Bone Regeneration, PLGA,Rats.