Investigation of the effects of platelet rich plasma applied to uterus and ovarian tissue in rat models on ovary and uterus and fertility

AIM: Platelet Rich Plasma applications can be used to bring the endometrium to the appropriate thickness, to improve the decreased ovarian reserve, and to increase the quality of the ovary. We planned this study in order to demonstrate immunohistochemically and biochemically, whether PRP application is effective on ovarian reserve and endometrial receptivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2021 and March 2022, 28 female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups and sedation was provided before the procedure. 0.2 ml of blood was taken from the rats for AMH and FSH measurement. For PRP preparation, 0.8 ml of blood was taken from the rats to which PRP was applied. The abdomen of the first group was opened and closed with dissecting scissors. Inflammation was stimulated by entering and exiting the ovaries and uterus horns of the 2nd group with an injector. 0.2 ml of saline was applied to the ovaries and uterine horns of the 3rd group. 0.2 ml of PRP was applied to the ovaries and uterine horns of the 4th group. Groups 3 estrus were observed. Blood was taken again under anesthesia for the measurement of AMH and FSH from the groups. The abdomen of the rats was opened with dissecting scissors, the uterus and ovaries were removed and fixed in formalin. Ovary and endometrium were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The growth of epithelial, stromal and vascular cells was evaluated. The effects of PRP on vascularization and cell proliferation were investigated using VEGF and Ki-67 antibodies. AMH-FSH values and histopathological findings of the groups were compared before and after the procedure. The data were evaluated using the SPSS 20.0 package program. RESULTS: When the AMH values in the PRP group were compared with the other 3 groups; The increase in AMH level was found to be significant (p<0.05). When the endometrium and ovaries were examined for the presence of Ki-67 and VEGF, an increase was observed in group 4 (p<0.05). While PRP application reduced fibrosis and inflammation in the uterus, it increased vascular development. We observed that histological findings improved positively in group 4 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: We observed that PRP application has positive effects on ovary and uterus. To determine the functional mechanism of PRP and to find an approved PRP application dose, number and time for clinical uses; Well-designed and randomized controlled studies are needed to make PRP treatment a standard and recommended treatment strategy.