Biometric and histological evaluation of turmeric and blackhead oil-added polylactic acid biofilms on wound healing in rats

A wide variety of biomaterials are used to heal wounds. Antibiotic, antifungal and antiviral agents are included in the structure of these biomaterials. Increasing pathogenic resistance to synthetic medicinal agents currently in use has led many researchers to be interested in new plant-based compounds and their phytochemicals. Medicinal plants play a role in wound healing with many different mechanisms such as reducing the number of bacteria, increasing angiogenesis, accelerating collagen restructuring and increasing fibroblast proliferation. A kind of study can be found in the current literature in order to examine the synergistic effects of newly developed bioactive chemicals on wound healing, both individually and in combination. In this study, the polylactic acid biomaterial, which is frequently used in today's developing biomedical industry, was combined with black head and turmeric herb using advanced laboratory techniques, and the effectiveness of the created Band-Aid product was applied to a full-thickness skin wound on the back of rats and the results were evaluated. Healing in the wound areas successfully created in all groups was completed at the end of 21 days. Minor complications were encountered in some groups throughout the experiment. The best wound healing was observed in the pure polylactic acid film and control groups, respectively (p<0.05). It was determined that the fastest wound shrinkage level was seen in the polylactic acid film group, while the last wound healing was achieved in the biomaterial group that combined black head extract with polylactic acid film. Histologically, the least inflammatory cells were seen in the blackhead-turmeric group, and the most inflamed cells were seen in the blackhead group. It was observed that the newly formed collagen had a finer structure than the collagen in the healthy tissue parts. While no hair follicles were observed in the control group, this rate was also very low in the other groups. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of the parameters evaluated (p<0.05). In the light of the data obtained, it is not possible to talk about the synergistic effects of polylactic acid with turmeric and black cumin, since it was determined that the Non-Additive Film group was better in wound shrinkage than the other groups. On the other hand, the antagonist effect of black cumin with polylactic acid alone on wound healing has been determined and it has been seen that using turmeric together with turmeric on the basis of biomaterial gives better results. The study of experimental groups in which turmeric extract was used alone with polylactic acid, which could not be realized due to the limitations of the experiment, is promising. When the band-aid containing polylactic acid was examined alone, it was determined that it gave good results in open wounds, and it was seen that there was a need to research new herbal products that could benefit from the synergistic effect when combined with polylactic acid.